Homograph
Etymology
From Greek homos ("same") + graphein ("to write"), literally "written the same." The construction mirrors its cousins: where a homophone shares sound, a homograph shares its written form. It is the reason a reader must sometimes pause to work out which word is even on the page.
noun · /HOM-uh-graf/
A word spelled the same as another but with a different meaning, and sometimes a different pronunciation.
What it names
The words that look identical on the page yet split in the mouth — like "lead" the metal and "lead" the verb — forcing readers to decide from context.
Example
Text-to-speech still mangles the homograph in "the dove dove into the bushes."
Related idea
A homograph is identical in spelling; a homophone is identical in sound. When a homograph is also pronounced alike, it qualifies as a full homonym.